Chart
Free and Slave Populations by State (1790)
All Numbers are as Reported in the 1790 Census
| State | Free Whites | Other Free Persons | Slaves | % Slave | Total |
| Vermont | 85,268 | 255 | 16 | 0.01 | 85,539 |
| N. Hampshire | 141,097 | 630 | 158 | 0.1 | 141,885 |
| Maine | 96,002 | 538 | none | 0 | 96,540 |
| Massachusetts | 373,324 | 5,463 | none | 0 | 378,787 |
| Rhode Island | 64,470 | 3,407 | 948 | 1 | 68,825 |
| Connecticut | 232,374 | 2,808 | 2,764 | 1 | 237,946 |
| New York | 314,142 | 4,654 | 21,324 | 6 | 340,120 |
| Pennsylvania | 424,099 | 6,537 | 3,737 | 0.8 | 434,373 |
| Delaware | 46,310 | 3,899 | 8,887 | 15 | 59,096 |
| Maryland | 208,649 | 8,043 | 103,036 | 32 | 319,728 |
| Virginia | 442,117 | 12,866 | 292,627 | 39 | 747,610 |
| Kentucky | 61,133 | 114 | 12,430 | 17 | 73,677 |
| N. Carolina | 288,204 | 4,975 | 100,572 | 25 | 393,751 |
| S. Carolina | 140,178 | 1,801 | 107,094 | 43 | 249,073 |
| Georgia | 52,886 | 398 | 29,264 | 35 | 82,548 |
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