Letter from James McClurg to James Madison (1787)

What reasonings does McClurg provide for his decision not to return to the Convention?
McClurg mentions that his presence at the Convention might "destroy ye vote of ye State." What does this reveal about the structure of each state’s vote in the Convention and how does it highlight the importance of unity within state delegations?
Introduction

This letter is part of our Four-Act Drama, a Constitutional Convention role-playing scheme for educators.  For more information on our comprehensive exhibit on the Constitutional Convention, click here.

On July 16, 1787, the Connecticut Compromise was approved by delegates at the Constitutional Convention, resolving a weeks-long impasse between large and small state delegations regarding representation in the legislature. With this critical issue settled, delegates resumed discussion of the remaining resolutions from the amended Virginia Plan.

By late July, the Convention established the Committee of Detail and selected its members: Oliver Ellsworth (1745–1807), Nathaniel Gorham (1738–1796), Edmund J. Randolph (1753–1813), John Rutledge (1739–1800), and James Wilson (1742–1798). Charged with the responsibility to “prepare and report the Constitution,” the Committee worked to organize and refine the various proposals debated earlier in the Convention.

While the Committee worked, the Convention adjourned, agreeing to reconvene by August 6 to review the Committee’s report. The two-week adjournment, referred to as the Four-Act Drama’s intermission, provided a pause in Convention proceedings to consolidate deliberations into a cohesive framework.

While the Convention made crucial progress throughout the late summer, some delegates remained uncertain about the direction of the proposed government and its eventual reception by the public. When the Convention reconvened, the Committee of Detail’s report became the focus of the proceedings, marking the next phase of the delegates’ work.

—Michelle Adams Alderfer

I1 am much obliged to you for your communication of the proceedings of ye Convention, since I left them2; for I feel that anxiety about ye result, which it’s Importance must give to every honest citizen. If I thought that my return could contribute in the smallest degree to it’s Improvement, nothing should keep me away. But as I know that the talents, knowledge, and well-establish’d character, of our present delegates, have justly inspired this country with ye most entire confidence in their determinations; & that my vote could only operate to produce a division, & so destroy ye vote of ye State, I think that my attendance now would certainly be useless, perhaps injurious.

Footnotes
  1. 1. James McClurg (1746–1823), delegate from Virginia.
  2. 2. McClurg departed the Convention in early August and did not return.
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