Elliot's Debates: Index of Speakers's Names

Elliot’s Debates: Volume 4

Index of Speakers’ Names

THE DEBATES IN THE SEVERAL
STATE CONVENTIONS,
ON THE ADOPTION OF THE
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION,
AS RECOMMENDED BY THE
GENERAL CONVENTION AT PHILADELPHIA,
IN 1787.

TOGETHER WITH THE
JOURNAL OF THE FEDERAL CONVENTION,
LUTHER MARTIN’S LETTER,
YATES’S MINUTES,
CONGRESSIONAL OPINIONS,
VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY RESOLUTIONS ’98—’99
AND
OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION,

IN FOUR VOLUMES
VOL. IV.

SECOND EDITION, WITH CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONS.

COLLECTED AND REVISED FROM CONTEMPORARY PUBLICATIONS,
BY JONATHAN ELLIOT.

PUBLISHED UNDER THE SANCTION OF CONGRESS.

LC

WASHINGTON:
PRINTED FOR THE EDITOR.

1836.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six,

By JONATHAN ELLIOT,

In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the District of Columbia.

CONTENTS.

………

………

  Page.
Convention of NORTH CAROLINA, 1
               Declaration of Rights,……… 243
               Amendments proposed,……… 244
               The Question on Adoption,……… 250
SOUTH CAROLINA, (in Legislature,) 253
                (in Convention,)……… 318
               The Question on Ratification,……… 338
List of Delegates to the Congress of 1765,……… 341
Opinions, from 1789 to 1836, involving Constitutional Principles, from Congressional Debates, &c.,……… 343 to 524 and 599
Virginia Resolutions of 1798, by Mr. Madison,……… 528
Answers of the States,……… 532
Kentucky Resolutions, by Mr. Jefferson,……… 540
Report on the Virginia Resolutions, by Mr. Madison,……… 546
President Jackson’s Proclamation on the Ordinance of South Carolina, ……… 582
Mr. Madison’s Letter on the Tariff, and Banks,……… 600
Mr. Jefferson on Banks, ……… 609
Mr. Madison to Mr. Stevenson, on Debts, &c., ……… 612
Gen. Alexander Hamilton on Banks, ……… 617
Various Papers on the Veto Power, ……… 525, 620
Digest of Decisions in the Courts of the Union, involving Constitutional Principles, ……… 626

INDEX.

BY SPEAKERS’ NAMES.

NORTH CAROLINA.

  Page.
ORGANIZATION of the Convention, ……… 1
RULES for the Government of the Convention, Electors, &c, ……… 2
HENRY ABBOTT—Religion; opposed to an exclusive Establishment; no religious Test; Pagan or Deist may obtain Office; Oath; by whom are we to swear? Jupiter, &c., ……… 191
Mr. BLOODWORTH—opposed to Congressional Control over Elections, ……… 67
Jurisdiction; no Provision for Juries in civil Causes, ……… 142
Trim by Jury; not on a satisfactory Footing, ……… 151
Defence of its Omission not satisfactory; Precaution in granting Powers, 167. Mississippi Case, ……… 168
Sovereignty of the Federal Government annihilates the States, ……… 179
Powers of Congress dangerous to State Laws, ……… 180
Amendments, for previous ones, 184. Southern and Northern Interests divide at Susquehannah, ……… 186
Adverts to the Annapolis Convention, &c., ……… 235
Mr. NATHAN BRYAN—defends the Majority, ……… 248
Mr. CABARRUS — Prohibitions against Paper Emissions; ex post facto Laws, ……… 184
Mr. CALDWELL — Maxims, fundamental Principles, ……… 9
Convention not authorized to use the Expression “We, the People,” ……… 15
Legislative Power controlled by Vice-President’s Vote, ……… 26
Elections liable to Abuse, ……… 62
Abuse of Parliamentary Power, ……… 65
Sweeping Clause, not plain; “Pursuance” equivocal and ambiguous……… 187
Religion; conceived that Jews, Mahometans, and Pagans, are invited to the United States, ……… 199
Mr. WILLIAM R. DAVIE (a Member of the Federal Convention)—for investigating the Subject, and discussing Clause by Clause, ……… 8
System extensive, involving the Principles of Federal Government, ……… 12
Powers of the Federal Convention; states some of the Events, and the Defects of the Confederation, which gave Birth to the Convention, ……… 16
Negro Representation; Jealousies of the East; one Kind of Property entitled to Representation as well as any other, &c., ……… 30
Vice-President, Reasons why introduced; Consolidation not intended; Representatives, ……… 58
Confederacies; Amphictyonic; European, ……… 59
Rhode Island, her Conduct; Elections; true Construction of the Clause, 60
Rhode Island; Party Influence, &c.; Elections, &c,. ……… 65
Journal; Publication; necessary to conceal it during the Confederation, ……… 72
Principle on which the Constitution was formed, ……… 102
Treat-making Power, in all Countries, placed in the Executive Department; 119. States would not confederate without an equal Voice in the Formation of Treaties; Separation of Powers, 120. President’s Election on fair Principles; his Nominations, ……… 122
Senatorial Term of Service; thirteen Councillors would destroy Presidential Responsibility, 122. State Sovereignty represented in the Senate; Treaty; Laws, their Execution; Judiciary; prohibitory Provisions ought to supersede the Laws of particular States, 155. Pine-barren Acts, Paper money; Debts; executing the Laws, 157. Cognizance of Controversies, 159. Federal Laws conflicting with those of the States; Legislation on Individuals instead of States; Treaties; Ends of the Constitution accomplished by a paramount Judiciary, ……… 160
Powers granted, &c., 182. Operation on Paper Money; its great Depreciation; legal Tender, &c., ……… 183
Securities, no Power to interfere with them, ……… 191
Opposed to the previous Question; conditional Ratification alarming, ……… 218
Against standing out, and for Adoption, ……… 236
Mr. GOUDY—for certain Rules to govern the Proceedings, ……… 10
Powers of Congress; Tendency to destroy the State Governments, ……… 93
Mr. JAMES GALLOWAY—Congress; Apprehension that it may perpetuate itself; ……… 70
Yeas and Nays; one fifth required,. ……… 73
Slavery; Manumission apprehended, 101
Laws supreme; Obligation of Contracts; Redemption of Securities, ……… 190
Mr. HARDIMAN—Defence, where to apply, ……… 99
Mr. WHITMILL HILL—Requisition; Taxes, to be paid in Money Loans, ……… 83
Mr. IREDELL—Full and fair Discussion necessary, ……… 4
Nature of Government; People may model it as they please, 9
Constitution not a Compact, &c., 10
Further Remarks on the Necessity of fully debating the proposed Constitution, 13
President’s Objections to Bills, 27
Impeachment, a Security for good Behavior in Office, 32
Obedience to two Governments,. ……… 35
Senatorial Term; Powers of the Senate; Reference to British Government, ……… 38
Elections; Control by general Government; executive, legislative, and judicial, separate, an Improvement, ……… 73
Veto by the President, ……… 74
Taxation; approves the Power by Congress, ……… 91
Powers ought to be competent to the public Safety, 95
Slavery, no Power in Congress to abolish it, ……… 102
Election; approves the Clause, 105
Presidential Election; Objections answered, 107 President’s Power over the Military; his Council, their Opinion to be given in Writing; Example of England, 108. Responsibility; Pardon; Impeachment, ……… 110
Sovereignty of the States; Inequality of Suffrage in making Treaties, 125. Bribes; Impeachment, not propel to render the Senate liable to it; Usage Of discussing Treaties in the British Parliament, 126. Surrender of Territory without an Act of Parliament; relative Influence of the two Houses of Parliament, 128. Rulers should be watched; Amendments proposed by the four States 130
No Danger from the Apprehension of Aristocracy; Commons an Overmatch for King and Lords, ……… 132
Senate’s Power ought to counteract that of the House, to preserve State Sovereignty, 133. Choice of President and Senators; Mode of nominating; Approval of the Senate; Influence of the House preponderating, ……… 134
Trial by Jury; the best; its Omission owing to the Difficulty of establishing a uniform Mode 144. Old Confederation; Quotas; Debts; Supreme Court; Stamp Act; Bill of Rights, absurd and dangerous, ……… 147
Juries may be either in superior or inferior Courts, ……… 152
Trial by Jury; omitted from the Difficulty of the Case, in the Convention, arising from the different Modes that obtain in the States so as……… 164
Jury Trial further noticed; Constitution Authority, leave no Doubt; Congress claiming Power not given, a Usurpation, 170
Slaves, emancipated in some of the Northern States; “Persons,” escaping, shall be delivered up to those entitled to Service; Reasons why the Northern Delegates objected to the word “Slave” being mentioned in the Constitution, ……… 176
Amendments may be made; Suffrage in the Senate; Compromise on Slavery, &c., ……… 177
Three Fourths may call a Convention to amend, ……… 178
Laws consistent with the Constitution binding on the People; Powers usurped; Powers intended to be given, legal without new Authority, &c., ……… 179
Paper Money not affected, 185. Relative Importance of the Northern and Southern States, ……… 186
Replies to general Objections……… 218
Exclusive Legislation; States will stipulate; Insult to Congress in 1783; Powers enumerated, excluded from all others; Abuse of Power; Non-Adoption out of the Union; State of the Union in 1776; anticipates the Interest of the First Congress; Importance of framing the first Code of Laws, ……… 218, 223
“Nine,” sufficient to establish the Constitution; Disadvantages in not joining the Union under the Constitution, ……… 228
His Resolution for Yeas and Nays, ……… 241
Religion; Tests; Persecutions; its Toleration in America; Sacrament in Great Britain; Office open to all Religions; Guaranty explained; President must be a Native; Form of an Oath; governed by the Religion of the Person taking it; Case of an East Indian, a Gentoo, in Charles II.’s Time, 197
Moves for Ratification and subsequent Amendments, ……… 248
Gov. JOHNSTON—Vice-President’s Vote defended, ……… 26
Representative accountable only to his Constituents, ……… 33
Impeachment; Removal; Disqualification 35
State Officers amenable to the Courts of Law., ……… 50
Amendments; no Danger apprehended, ……… 56
Powers; no Parallel between Congress and Parliament, ……… 64
Taxation in Kind, ……… 77
Replies to Objections, ……… 88
Treaties; Difference between Confederation and Constitution, ……… 115
Jurisdiction concurrent between State and Federal Courts, 141
Trial by Jury, dissimilar Modes, ……… 150
Constitution must be the supreme Law, ……… 150
Amendments; adopting States; no Office-Hunter, &c., ……… 226
Fallacy of the Opinion that the Pope, or a Foreigner, may be chosen President; Religion, ……… 198
Mr. WILLIE JONES—for putting the Question upon the Constitution immediately, ……… 4
Reasons for this Proposition, ……… 7
Ratification; wished to be ont of the Union, ……… 245
Though no Share in the new Appointments, common Interest with Virginia; Jefferson, he stated, wished Ratification only to preserve the Union; Office Expectants, their Bias, &c., ……… 225
Defence of the Opposition, ……… 234
Amendments, ……… 240
Against Adoption; moved the previous Question; refuses to withdraw his Motion, 216 to 217
Mr. LANCASTER—his Apprehensions for Constitutional Amendments, 212. Elections; President’s conditional Negative; Two Thirds very rarely will see to a Law; Appeals; Armies; Religion; Papists or Mahometans may occupy the Chair; Disqualification in the States; would oppose Adoption, ……… 215
Mr. LOCKE—Constitution grants unlimited Powers, 168. Necessity of Pinebarren Acts; expedient to make Paper Money a legal Tender, ……… 169
Opposes the Adoption, ……… 239
Mr. LENOIR— President’s Treaty-making Power, a legislative Act, ……… 27
Convention exceeded its Powers; Reasons for opposing ……… 201
Mr. MACLAINE—Distinction between a Monarchy and Republic, ……… 10
“We, the People,” proper, ……… 16
Constitution a Blank till adopted, ……… 24
Vice-President’s casting Vote,……… 26
Biennial Elections defended……… 28
Impeachment not extended to Representatives, ……… 34
Vice-President’s Powers, ……… 42
Impeachment, not to reach petty Officers, ……… 43
Misdemeanors, by great State Officers, how redressed? ……… 46
Parliamentary Power; Blackstone; Militia Power, ……… 63
Elections; Time, Manner, Place, &c., ……… 68
Appointing Power; Presidential Powers,……… 135
Judiciary; State and Federal Courts separate, ……… 139
Congress, its Powers limited and enumerated, ……… 140
States, their Interests connected; Trial by Jury, ……… 151
Power in the People, not in the States; Distinction between Law and Fact; Federal Jurisdiction limited, ……… 160
State and Federal Courts, ……… 164 to 172
Money Bills; Paper Money; Depreciation, though ultimately good, ……… 172
Trial by Jury; further Explanations, ……… 175
State Sovereignty not in Danger from Congress, ……… 180
Taxes will be inconsiderable; Congress will have Credit abroad; Adoption will bring out Specie, ……… 188
Trade, its resources; Loans……… 189
Mr. M’DOWALL—Elections; Control over Taxation, opposed to its Surrender to the general Government……… 87
Power without Responsibility, ……… 119
Senate, Danger of Combination with the President, ……… 124
Trial by Jury; wealthy Suitor may prevail, 143
Jury Trial, not secured……… 149
Taxes; Consequence of Ambiguity, ……… 210
Bill of Rights essential; Elections, ……… 210
Mr. MILLER—Presidential Powers, a Defect in the Constitution, ……… 114
Mr. PERSON—for previous Question, ……… 217
Mr. PORTER—Money Clause, whence does the Power originate? ……… 94
Treaty-making Power in the President and Senate, ……… 115
Treaties; House of Representatives ought to have a Vote in making them, ……… 118
Mr. SHEPHERD—for full Discussion,. ……… 217
Mr. SPAIGHT (a Member of the Federal Convention)—Taxes, whether paid to State or Federal Government, no Difference, ……… 81
Slaves, Compromise explained, ……… 100
Electors, regularity required, ……… 104, 106
Presidential Powers; Command of the Army, ……… 114
Presidential and Senatorial Responsibility, ……… 124
Judiciary; Federal Convention unanimous in keeping separate the Federal and State Governments, 139
Trial by Jury; in the Federal Convention, considerable Time taken to investigate the Subject,. ……… 144
Convention, denies that it exceeded its Powers,. ……… 206
Senate responsible to State Legislatures; Federal Constitution favorable to Trial by Jury; Religion, no Power over it; an Infidel will never be chosen for Office; Amendments; exclusive Legislation; Liberty of the Press; Census; Requisitions done away, ……… 206, 210
Mr. SPENCER—Governors, Servants of the People, ……… 12
Objections to the new Form of Government, ……… 50
Refractory States; Elections, ……… 65
Taxes, Interference between the States and the Federal Government; Objections, ……… 75
Taxes; laid by the State preferred, ……… 80
But in War by the general Government, 82
Executive Power; standing Council of one Member from each of the States, &c., ……… 116
Treaties should have the Sanction of all the Senate; Aristocracy should be guarded against, ……… 131
Judiciary, Objections to the System,. ……… 136
Preamble, “We, the People;” Oath, 153. Trial by Jury, ……… 154
Contends for a Bill of Rights; Power, Jurisdiction, and Right, not given up, remain in the States; Objects to a Revision of Facts by Federal Court, and concurrent Jurisdiction dangerous, ……… 163
Boundary of a Bill of Rights wanted, ……… 168
Religious Tests, Foundation of Persecution, ……… 200
Amendments, 227. For Union, ……… 239
Mr. STEELE—Elections; no Cheek in the old Confederation, ……… 71
Journal, its Publication……… 72
Taxation, in Favor of the Clause, ……… 87
Mr.JOSEPH TAYLOR—Wording, “We, the People,” an assumed Power, ……… 23
Appointments; Rights parted with……… 45
Impeachment, does it reach Collectors? ……… 70
Elections, their Control in vague Terms, ……… 70
Electors, Objections to the Power, ……… 104, 105
Mr. WlLSON—wished Exclusion of Popish priests from Office, ……… 212
BILL OF RIGHTS, ……… 243
YEAS AND NAYS, at large, on Amendment, 250
CLOSING PROCEEDINGS—”neither to ratify nor reject the Constitution,” adopted by a large Majority,……… 251

SOUTH CAROLINA.

ROBERT BARNWELL—for all limited Discussion, 263. Defence of the Constitution, 291. President’s Responsibility; Treaties; Congressional Pay; Paper Medium; Trial by Jury; Preferences; Importation of Negroes; Carrying Trade; pleased with the Clause relative to Slaves,. ……… 293
PIERCE BUTLER (one of the Members of the Federal Convention)—Impeachment; Senate; Peace and War, ……… 263
Mr. PATRICK CALHOUN—Religion; too great a Latitude allowed, ……… 312
PATRICK DOLLARD (in Convention)—his Constituents, to a Man, opposed to the Constitution for Want of a Bill of Rights, ……… 336
Com. GILLON—satisfied with the Doings of the Convention; in Favor of American Bottoms, ……… 297
Hon. RALPH IZARD—Right of Kings to make Treaties, ……… 268
Mr. RAWLINS LOWNDES—Senate and the old Confederation; Constitution and Laws paramount; Presidential Powers, ……… 265
Treaties contrary to Law not valid; Eulogium on the Confederation, 271. New Government an Experiment; no adequate Advantage; Slavery, ……… 272
Importation of Negroes, 272. Evils apprehended from the Laws of Congress; local Legislature; Fears for the Fate of the Southern States……… 273
Defence of the Confederation; Powers of the President; Representation; Senators; Commercial Advantages enjoyed by the Eastern States; Taxes; Congressional Pay; recommends another Convention, ……… 287, 291
Explains his Argument on Treaties; Checks; limiting the Importation of Negroes an Evil; Navy to come from the East; Taxes; Expense of the Government; Presidential Powers; the “Well-born;” preparatory Plan for a Monarchy; Constitution ruinous to the Liberty of America, ……… 308
Mr.JAMES LINCOLN—opposes the Constitution, as an aristocratic Government; President may hold his Office for Life; Liberty of the Press forgotten; Bill of Rights essential, 312
Col. MASON—thanks Mr. Lowndes for his Opposition to the Constitution, ……… 316
Mr. JOHN MATTHEWS—denies the Efficiency of the Confederation, ……… 298
JUDGE PENDLETON—Impeachment, ……… 263
Only three States sanctioned the Importation of Negroes……… 272
CHARLES PINCKNEY (a Member of the Federal Conventional—Motives as a Member of the Federal Convention; Condition of the Country at the Close of the War; Defects of the confederation, &c., 253. Necessity of a Government to operate on the People; Compromise; rapid Glance at different Parts of the System, ……… 257
President’s Power; Responsibility, ……… 286
Observations on the System (before the Convention May 12.) But one Government in Europe that provides for civil Rights, 318. People Servants; Rulers supreme; Ireland; the Netherlands; America taught the Rights of Man, 319. Primogeniture, 320. Peopled classed; commercial foreign Trade, Root of public Distress; mechanical; agricultural, 321. Merchants; Mediocrity a leading Feature; Division into States; Eastern, 322. Middle; Maryland and the Southern States; Outline of the Legislation of Pennsylvania; Georgia; Maryland, 323. New York, Massachusetts, 325. Foreign Governments; Evils of a Republic, 326. Constitution represents States as well as Governments; three principal Forms of Government considered, ……… 327
CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY (a Member of the Federal Convention)—Treaties, where to be lodged; President, the Power of proposing Treaties, ……… 263
Objections answered; Treaties not repugnant to Laws; Mode of voting in Senate, &c., ……… 266
Treaty of Peace, on its Promulgation; Recognizances discharged; Case of Love for Murder, ……… 270
Explanations on Treaties; paramount under the Confederation, 277. Vattel and Burlamaqui quoted; South Carolina interested in the Sacredness of Treaties; properly lodged in the Senate and President, ……… 278
Abuse of Power; Impeachment; Things under the Confederation pictured; The “three fifths,” 280. Representation, 283. Sufferings of the Eastern States in the Cause of Independence; Negroes necessary in Cultivation for South Carolina; Compromise; Security against Emancipation; Fugitives recoverable,. ……… 284
Independent before the Treaty of Peace; replies to Mr. Lowndes’s Objections; Powers voted for the general Good; Elections; Representatives; Senate; Presidential Elections; Foreign Influence to be guarded against; commercial Preferences; Judiciary, ……… 300 to 308
Replies to Mr. Lincoln’s Objections; Policy of the Reeligibility of the President; General Government, no Powers but what are expressly granted; Reasons why a Bill of Rights was not inserted, ……… 315
(In Convention)—10th Sec. Art. 1. On the Restrictive Clauses; Paper Money; Credit with Foreigners,. ……… 333
Mr. PRINGLE (Speaker)—Treaty-making belongs to the executive Department; President and Senate do not possess legislative Power, ……… 268
DAVID RAMSAY—Treaties superior to local Laws, ……… 270
Continental Debt; old Confederation dissolved,. ……… 286
Hon. JACOB READ—Confederation; Congress; its Efficiency farcical; Instances, ……… 286
Hon. JOHN RUTLEDGE (a Member of the Federal Convention)—Treaties paramount; their Mode of Ratification in England, and Operation in America, 267. Difficulties in ’82 because nine States did not attend, ……… 268
Treaties, the paramount Law; Eulogium on the Constitution, ……… 311
Hon. EDWARD RUTLEDGE Weakness of the Confederation; defends the Constitution, 274. Taxes, in Favor of the South; $10 a head on Negroes equivalent to 5 per cent. on Importations; all Free taxed; only two fifths of the Slaves taxed, ……… 277
Federal Convention did not exceed its Powers; Navigation; Exclusion from West India Trade, &c., ……… 298
Gen. SUMPTER (in Convention)— moved an Adjournment, to give further Time for Consideration; rejected, yeas, 89; nays, 135, ……… 338
ALEXANDER TWEED (in Convention)—denies the Restrictions of his Constituents; open to Conviction; Reform needed; Importance of the Constitution, ……… 322
QUESTION—To assemble at Charleston the 12th of May; ayes, 76; nays, 75……… 316, 317
RATIFICATION, (in Convention;) yeas, 149; nays, 73, ……… 338, 340
CONGRESS of 1765. Note—List of Delegates and Extract from the Journal, 341. Extract from Ramsay on Ratification, ……… 341

OPINIONS.

ABOLITION. Right of Petition. H. R. January, 1836.—Cushing, ……… 594, 595
ALIEN AND SEDITION LAWS. June, 1798.—E. Livingston, Tazewell, 440. Report, 1799, 441
VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS of 1798, pronouncing the Sedition Laws to be unconstitutional, and defining the Rights of the States, drawn by Mr. Madison, 528
ANSWERS OF THE STATES—  
State of Delaware,……… 532
State of Rhode Island,……… 533
Commonwealth of Massachusetts,……… 533
State of New York……… 537
State of Connecticut,……… 538
State of New Hampshire,……… 538
State of Vermont,……… 539
KENTUCKY RESOLUTIONS of 1798 and 1799. (The original Draft prepared by Mr. Jefferson.)……… 540 to 545
MADISON’S REPORT on the Virginia Resolutions,……… 546 to 580
ALIEN AND SEDITION LAWS M. Lyon. Senate, March, 1811.—Smith, of South Carolina,……… 474
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION. H. R. August 13, 1789.—Gerry, Ames, Madison, 404
AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION; Election of President, Senate, January 23, 1800.—C. Pinckney, of S. C.,……… 442
H. R. August, 1804.—Jackson, 452
Senate, March, 1826.—Dickerson, 494. (With Extracts from the Journal of de Federal Convention on the Presidential Term.)
APPOINTMENT; Panama Mission. Senate, March, 1826.—Berrien,……… 480 to 483
APPROPRIATIONS OF MONEY, for Vessels of War. H. R. February 25, 1797.—Gallatin, Nicholas,……… 439
ARMY, STANDING, Regulation of. H. R. January 5, 1800.—Randolph,……… 441
BANKS. Hamilton’s Exposition to Congress, 1791. Extract,……… 617 to 620
BANK, Establishment of H. R. February 2, 1791.—Giles, 411. Vining Madison, 412. Ames, 414 to 417. Sedgwick, Madison, 417. Lawrence, Jackson, Boudinot, Stone, 418. Gerry, 419 to 422
BANK OF THE UNITED STATES. Renewal of Charter. H. R. April 13, 1810.—Love, Troup, Key, Alston, 456. Burwell, P. B. Porter, Eppes, Crawford, 457. Clay,……… 458
H. R. April 13, 1830.—M’Duffie,……… 524
(Note. Jackson’s Message of December 7, 1830.)
BANKS Mr Jefferson. Extract referred to by Mr. Madison,……… 609 to 611
Note on Banks, from Jefferson’s Memoirs, March 11, 1798, 611
Note on the Tariff, furnishing a Summary of the Argument of the South Carolina Exposition. See page 580.
—Mr. Madison to C. J. Ingersoll, February, 1831,……… 608
BANKRUPT BILL. H. R. February 16, 1818.—Hopkinson, 470. Tyler, Sergeant, Mills, 471. March 12, 1822.—Buchanan,……… 475
BANKRUPT LAW. Senate, May 1, 1826.—Hayne, 490 to 493. Woodbury,……… 493
BANKRUPTCY. Senate, January, 1826.—Van Buren,……… 479
COLUMBIA, DISTRICT of, Case of J. P. Van Ness. H. R. January, 17, 1803.—Van Ness, Bacon,……… 451
To re-cede the District. H. R. February 9, 1803.—Bayard, ……… 451
CONTRACTORS. March 23,1806.—Eppes,……… 454
DEBT, DOMESTIC. H. R. February 22, 1790.—Smith, S. C. 405. Madison,……… 406
—, PUBLIC. Reduction of the Public Debt. H. R. November 20, 1792.
—Mercer, 429. Ames, 430. Madison,……… 431
DEBTS, Mr. Madison to Mr. Stevenson, 27th November, 1830, examining the Origin and Progress of the Clause of the Constitution, “To pay the Debts, and provide for common Defence,” &c., Extract……… 612 to 615
DIGEST OF DECISIONS in the Courts of the Union, involving Constitutional Principles,……… 626
DUTIES, May 15, 1789.—White, Madison, Clymer, Carroll, 345. Wadsworth, Ames, Fitzsimons, Hartley, Bland, Boudinot, 346. Sinnickson, Lawrence. Smith, S. C.; Messages of Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe; W. H Crawford’s Report, 347
DUTIES OR LICENSES. H. R. December 31, 1800.—Bird, ……… 442
DUELLING. Persons engaged in a Duel to be disqualified from holding Office. H. R. December 31, 1803.—Davis……… 451
EMBARGO, to suspend, H. R. April 19, 1808,—Quincy, 455. Key……… 456
EMBARGOES, to regulate and revoke. H. R. May 29, 1794.—Madison, ……… 433
EXPUNGING RESOLUTION. Senate, 1836.—Leigh, 598. Rives, 599
FISHERY, COD. Granting Bounties. H. R. February 3, 1792.—Giles, 426. Williamson, Madison,……… 427
FRENCH REPUBLIC, on striking out complimentary Reply to. Senate, January 6, 1796.—Ellsworth, Butler,……… 434
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT. H. R. February 11, 1796.—Madison, Baldwin, Bourne, Williams, 434. Thacher, ……… 435
—. December 5, 1815.—Madison,……… 461
—. Bonus Bill H. R. February, 1817.—Pickering, Clay, 467. Madison’s Objections to the above Bonus Bill,……… 468
—. Dismal Swamp Canal, Senate, May, 1824.
—Van Buren,……… 477
—. H. R. January 18, 1825.—Cambreleng, Berrien,……… 479
—. Florida Canal, February 14, 1826.—Branch, Rowan,……… 480
IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE CHASE. H. R. February 21, 1805.—Hopkinson, 452. (Note from Story’s Commentaries.)
INDIAN TREATIES. Senate, May, 1830.—Sprague,……… 423
JUDICIARY. Senate, January 8, 1800.—J. Mason, 442. Stone, N. C. 443. Breckenridge, Hemphill, 444. Bayard, Rutledge, 445. Van Buren, 485, 486. Woodbury,……… 487, 488
—. H. R. January 10, 1825.—Webster,……… 478
JUDICIAL SYSTEM. Senate, April 7, 1826.—Mr. Van Buren, 485. Woodbury,……… 487
LOUISIANA TREATY. H. R. October 25, 1803.—Elliot, Mitchell, Smilie, Rodney, Tracy, 448 J.Q. Adams, 449. (Note. Mr. Jefferson’s Opinion added.)
LYON, MATTHEW, Petition of. Senate, March, 1821.—Smith,……… 474
MILITARY APPROPRIATION BILL. H. R. January 4, 1819.—Lowndes, 472
MILITIA BILL. H. R. December 24, 1790.—Bloodworth, Sherman, Madison, Livermore, 422. Williamson, 423. Boudinot, Jackson, Livermore,……… 424
MILITIA. Bill for organizing, &c. H. R. December, 1796.—Rutherford,……… 438
MISSOURI QUESTION. H. R. December 13, 1821.—Lowndes,……… 471
NULLIFICATION. Senate, April 2, 1830.—Josiah S. Johnson,……… 523
OATH to support the Constitution, May 6, 1789.—Gerry, 343. Bland, Jackson, Lawrence, and Sherman,……… 344
PATRONAGE, Foreign Intercourse Bill, H. R. January 18, 1798.—Gallatin, 439. Pinckney, Bayard,……… 440
POST OFFICE. Bill to authorize the President to choose a Mail Route. H. R. December 6, 1791.—Sedgwick, Gerry, Bourne,……… 425
POST-OFFICES AND POST-ROADS. H. R. Jan. 3, 1792.—Fitzsimons, ……… 426
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. Bill to determine the Time When Electors shall be chosen, &c. H. R. January 14, 1791.—Sherman,……… 424
—, (Amendment,) Senate, 1826.—Van Buren,……… 488
PUBLIC LANDS for Internal Improvements, February 13, 1807.—Bayard, 455
—, Disposal of, Senate, May, 1826.—Van Buren,……… 488
—, Senate, February 23, 1830.—Woodbury,……… 522
REFUGEES, ST. DOMINGO, Bill for the Relief of. H. R. January 10, 1794. — Madison, Nicholas, Boudinot, Dexter, 431. (Note Relief of the Citizens of Venezuela, to expend $50,000, passed, ayes, 45; noes, 29.)
REMOVAL, POWER OF, by the President, on the Bill establishing the “Department of Foreign Affairs.” H. R. June, 1789,……… 350
White, 350.
Smith, S. C. 350 to 353.
Huntingdon, 353.
Sedgwick, 353.
Madison, 354 to 357.
White, 357.
Boudinot, 357 to 361.
Ames, 361 to 364.
Livermore. 364 to 366.
Hartley, 366 to 367.
Lawrence, 367 to 371.
Jackson, 371 to 373.
Clymer, 373 to 374
Page, 374 to 375.
Sherman, 375 to 376.
Stone, 376 to 378.
Madison, 378 to 383.
Gerry, 383 to 386
Benson, 386 to 387.
Sedgwick, 387 to 388.
Lee, 388 to 389
Boudinot, 389 to 391
Gerry, 391 to 393
Sherman, 393 to 394
Ames, 394 to 398.
Livermore, 398.
Madison, 898 to 400.
Baldwin, 400 to 408.
Gerry, 403 to 404.
RESTRICTIONS, COMMERCIAL. H.R. January 31, 1794.—Madison,……… 432
—, H.R. February 14, 1806.—Madison’s seven Resolutions……… 453
RETALIATION For Aggression. H.R. May 23, 1798.—Sitgreaves,……… 440
RIGHT OF PETITION (Abolition) Senate, 1836.—Cushing, 594. Prentiss, 595. Hugh L. White, 596. Grundy, King, of Alabama, Buchanan, 597. King, of Georgia, Calhoun,……… 598
SEAMEN’S BILL. Regulation of Seamen, in Public and Private Vessels. H. R. February, 1813.—Seybert, 460. Archer,……… 461
SEMINOLE WAR H.R. January 21, 1819.—Richard M. Johnson,……… 472
SLAVE TRADE. Commitment of the Quakers’ Memorial. H.R. March, 1790.—Tucker, 406. Gerry, Burke, Scott, Jackson, Sherman, Baldwin, Smith, S. C., 407. Page, Madison, Gerry, 408. Boudinot, Stone, Tucker, S. C., Jackson, 409. Smith, S. C., Boudinot, 410. Note,……… 411
SLAVERY. Panama Mission. Senate, March, 1826.—Hayne,……… 483
—. (Abolition.) Report on circulating, through the United States Mails; inflammatory Appeals. Calhoun Senate, February 4, 1836,……… 593
STATE RIGHTS (Debate on Foote’s Resolutions.) Senate, January, 1830,……… 496
Webster, 496 to 509
Webster, [closing remarks,] 516, 519.
Woodbury, 520.
Hayne, [in reply,] 509 to 516.
Ed. Livingston, 519.
Grundy, 521.
TARIFF H.R. April 26, 1820.—Clay,……… 473
—, its Constitutionality. Senate, 1824.—Hayne,……… 475
—. South Carolina Protest,……… 580
—.(Nullification.) President Jackson’s PROCLAMATION of the 10th of December, 1833, concerning the Ordinance of South Carolina of the 24th of November, 1832,……… 582 to 592
—. Mr. Madison to Mr. Cabell, dated September October,1828, 600 to 608
TAXES, DIRECT. H.R. May 6, 1794.—Sedgwick,……… 433
TREATY, COMMERCIAL, with Great Britain H.R. January 8, 1816.— Hopkinson; Calhoun, 462. Tucker, 464. Pinckney, 465. Pickering, Pinckney, 466
TREATY-MAKING POWER, (Jay’s.) H.R. March 23, 1796.—Murray, Gallatin, 435. Madison, 436. Lyman,……… 437
VOLUNTEER CORPS. H. R. January 12, 1812.—Poindexter, Grundy, Porter, Cheves, Clay,……… 459
VETO. Monroe’s Objections to An Act for the Preservation of the Cumberland Road,……… 525
—. Jackson’s Objections to “An Act authorizing a Subscription to the Maysville, &c., Road,”……… 525
—, a short History of the,……… 620
VETOES by different Presidents, List of the,……… 624

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